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The 101 Program Newsletter - June 2003 Alcoholism: The Cause & The Cure The proven
holistic approach to truly breaking
the addiction to alcohol Can be read
now at http://cheersbook.com!/ |
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To download & read the Alcoholism: The Cause & The Cure now go to |
The Newsletter The
first wealth is health – Ralph Waldo Emerson |
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June 26, 2003 |
The proven holistic
approach to biochemically breaking the addiction to alcohol |
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Subscribe to The
101 Newsletter! In this issue: The bio-pathways of alcohol addiction Therapeutic Supplements Sugar Blues Helpful software links for nutrition and glycemic indexing of foods Questions & Answers Link of the month Health
is a consummation of a love affair of all the organs in the body PLATO Our newsletter is growing rapidly. AAAA does not intend to sell things with
this newsletter however, if you have informational news or news of a product
that may be of interest to the premise of this publication send it to us and
after review if we find it suitable and in the spirit of the interest of our
readers, we will place it in this section to share with our readers. New Next Month: We begin the Alcohol
and…series. The first installment
will be Alcohol and the Liver.
We will discuss how alcohol damages the liver and how you can heal the
damage. It matters where you buy your supplements from! Do not waste your
money and compromise your quest for health by purchasing mediocre products
that do not fulfill the benefits you purchase them for! Click the above link to
browse for your choice of supplements from the Life Extension Foundation. The Life Extension Foundation has a 23 year history of introducing
life saving medical discoveries and funding scientific research. The 101 Program outlined in Alcoholism: The Cause
& The Cure addresses all bio-pathways known to create and encourage
addictive biochemistry. The program
is a holistic manifesto which guides the reader through detox, withdrawal,
repair and health maintenance specifically addressing the individual’s
bio-chemistry that is predisposed to problem drinking. Also, dietary, supplemental and lifestyle
programs are offered for those who wish to drink moderately after healing the
damaged body and addicted biochemistry. You already have the precious mixture that will make you
well… use it - Rumi If you have any
particular interests that you think would have appeal to our readers and is
in the spirit of this newsletter that you would like to see a monthly section
dedicated to, email us and we’ll consider it. Drugs are not always necessary, belief in recover always
is - Norman Cousins Each month we will
feature a nutrient and it’s specific relationship to an addicted
biochemistry; it’s healing properties and uses in clinical trials toward
changing metabolism, healing damage specifically from alcohol and use in
withdrawal and detoxing. We will also report on it’s ability to protect
the moderate drinker’s health and prevention of addiction through it’s use if
that information is available. Healing is a matter of time, but it is also sometimes a matter of opportunity - Hipocrates |
The bio-pathways of
alcohol addiction Acetaldehyde alters natural healthy
brain neurotransmitter activity It is becoming common knowledge that the true
addictive substance of alcohol is not alcohol itself but the acetaldehyde
(AH) produced when we metabolize it.
If acetaldehyde is not efficiently broken down into acetate some of
the excess drifts to the brain and combines with serotonin and / or dopamine
to produce the infamous Tetrahydrolsoqulnoline (THIQ). THIQ is extremely addictive and in brain biochemistry actually
fits the receptor sites that our natural pain killers (beta-endorphins) and
“feel good” (serotonin) neurotransmitters are supposed to occupy. This causes a chain of very undesirable
events. Our brain becomes incapable
of receiving serotonin because our receptors sites are telling what little is
there that they are full, very full with what it thinks is serotonin and
beta-endorphin. The process is
referred to as down-regulation. This
condition is also why it takes more and more alcohol over time to get you
“feeling right” once you’ve been at it a while. Because of the flood of THIQ in our brains our receptor sites
begin to say “enough” and closes down beta-endorphin receptor sites. Initially, when alcohol
is introduced into your life, if you are sugar sensitive because of your
genes or your dietary patterns have rendered you so, you most likely have a
precondition of what is called up-regulation meaning that you have more
beta-endorphin receptor sites than normal and you will overreact (in a
potentially addictive way) to any morphine like drug- THIQ. Also, we need to extract
and metabolize various precursor amino acids from our food to make serotonin
and other healthy neurotransmitters and heavy drinkers are often incapable of
doing this because they suffer from malnutrition for a combination of
reasons: they don’t eat a sufficient
amount of food; the types of diets they foster are naturally driven to are
high simple carbs (body produces these cravings in an attempt to raise
serotonin (especially when one quits drinking and THIQ is no longer
fulfilling the receptor needs), and due to stomach and intestinal damage that
alcohol does they are incapable of properly extracting and utilizing what
little actual nutrition they might eat to produce healthy neurotransmitter
activity. Next month we will discuss in detail brain chemistry and alcohol consumption. For now let’s take a close look at the evils of Acetaldehyde (excerpts from VRP’s Nutritional News) How Acetaldehyde Damages the
Brain: There are many ways that acetaldehyde (AH) can gradually damage brain structure and function through chronic, low-dose AH exposure. The following are some of them. Acetaldehyde alters red blood cell structure. It has been known since 1941 that AH easily combines with red blood cell membrane proteins to convert the red blood cells into a "time-release capsule" for AH, releasing the AH in the body far from the site where it attached to the red blood cell.3 As this happens, however, the membrane covering the red blood cell becomes stiffer.21 Yet in order to travel through the capillaries, which are the smallest blood vessels and which feed the trillions of individual cells, the red blood cell must be able to fold or deform. The average red blood cell diameter is 7 microns; yet a typical capillary is only 2 microns in diameter. Red blood cells stiffened through chronic AH exposure will have difficulty deforming sufficiently to pass through capillaries. Consequently, red blood cell-carried oxygen to many cells is reduced.3 (Our brains require 20% of all the oxygen we breathe!) In addition, the work of K.K. Tsuboi and colleagues has shown that AH forms stable combinations with hemoglobin in red blood cells. This reduces the ability of red blood cells to accept, hold, and transport oxygen through the bloodstream, which is their primary function. Acetaldehyde decreases the ability of the protein tubulin to assemble into microtubules.6 Microtubules are long, thin, tube-like structures that serve several functions in the brain cell. They help provide structural support to the nerve cell, somewhat like girders in a bridge or a building, keeping the nerve cell and the dendrites semi-rigid. Dendrites are the feathery-looking extensions from the main body of the nerve cell which connect nerve cells to each other, with some neurons connecting through dendrites to as many as 100,000 other neurons. Microtubules also serve to transport nutrients and biochemical raw materials manufactured in the cell body to the dendrites. When this raw material transport is compromised, the dendrites will gradually atrophy and die off. Two classic examples of brain pathology involving degeneration of the dendrites in humans are chronic alcoholic brain damage and Alzheimer's disease. Acetaldehyde induces a deficiency of vitamin B1. Thiamin, or Vitamin B1, is so critical to brain and nerve function it is often called the "nerve vitamin." AH has a very strong tendency to combine with B1, as the work of Herbert Sprince, M.D. (discussed below) has shown.7 Unfortunately, in detoxifying AH through combination with it, B1 is destroyed. Moderately severe B1 deficiency in humans leads to a group of symptoms called Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.9 This syndrome is characterized by mental confusion, poor memory, poor neuromuscular coordination, and visual disturbances. Its primary accepted cause is chronic alcoholism. B1 is also necessary for the production of ATP bioenergy in all body cells including the brain, and the brain must produce and use 20% of the body's energy total, even while asleep. Vitamin B1 is also essential for production of acetylcholine. Acetylcholine is one of the brain's major neurotransmitters, facilitating optimal memory, mental focus and concentration, and learning. Alzheimer's disease represents a rather extreme case of memory loss and impaired concentration due to destruction of acetylcholine-using brain cells. In a classic experiment reported in 1942, R.R. Williams and colleagues found that even mild B1 deficiency in humans continued over a long period of time (the experiment ran six months) produces symptoms including apathy, confusion, emotional instability, irritability, depression, feelings of impending doom, fatigue, insomnia, and headaches8 all symptoms of less-than-optimal brain function. Acetaldehyde induces deficiencies of niacin and
NAD. Niacin (Vitamin B3) is present in the human body primarily in its
coenzyme form, NAD. NAD is involved
in the majority of steps in which sugar and fat are burned for energy in all
cells. NAD is normally the most plentiful vitamin coenzyme in the human brain.
NAD is important as a catalyst in the production of many key, brain
neurotransmitters, such as serotonin. Neurotransmitters are the biochemicals
that allow nerve cells to communicate with each other. NAD is also the
coenzyme that activates alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase, the
enzymes that break down alcohol and AH.
Zinc is also required Extreme niacin deficiency produces the classic nutritional disease Pellegra with dramatic symptoms, both physical and mental. Since niacin is needed in large amounts for optimal brain function, a mild niacin deficiency tends to produce mostly psychological symptoms. These symptoms may include feeling fearful, apprehensive, suspicious, and worrying excessively with a gloomy, downcast, angry and depressed outlook. Headaches, insomnia, depression, agitation, and inability to concentrate may also occur. This profile certainly applies to many chronic alcoholics and Candida patients, who obviously suffer from long-term, mild AH exposure. Acetaldehyde reduces Acetyl Coenzyme A and impairs cellular energy production. Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5) is one of the most critical vitamins for normal brain function. The active form of B5 is Coenzyme A. Coenzyme A in turn is combined with acetate in all cells to form Acetyl Coenzyme A. Acetyl Coenzyme A is perhaps the most pivotal single biochemical in all cellular biochemistry; both sugar and fat must be transformed into Acetyl Coenzyme A to power the Krebs' cycle which produces 90% of all the energy used by every cell in the body, including brain cells. Unfortunately, for Acetyl Coenzyme A, however, AH has a strong affinity to combine with Acetyl Coenzyme A. The work of biochemist H.P. Ammon has shown thatAH suppresses the activity of Acetyl Coenzyme A in a dose-dependent fashion. He has also demonstrated that the energy-producing activity of cells falls in parallel with the declining levels of Acetyl Coenzyme A as the concentration of AH increases.1 The brain use. 20% of all body energy for normal function. Acetyl Coenzyme A is also necessary for the production of acetylcholine, the memory, learning and concentration neurotransmitter. Acetaldehyde induces a deficiency of Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate (P5P). P5P is the major coenzyme necessary to form virtually all major brain neurotransmitters. It is involved in all transamination reactions, whereby cells may convert many different amino acids into each other to satisfy their ever-shifting amino acid needs. P5P is necessary to convert essential fatty acids into their final use forms, as well as to turn linoleic acid into the key, nerve cell-regulating biochemical, Prostaglandin E1. P5P helps regulate magnesium entry into cells, and the level of excitability of nerve cells is strongly dependent upon their magnesium level. P5P is also necessary to convert vitamin B3, niacin/niacinamide, into the active coenzyme form, NAD. Unfortunately for P5P (and we humans who are so dependent on it), AH is known to strongly combine with the protein portion of P5P enzymes in a way that displaces the P5P portion of the molecule. This subjects P5P to an increased rate of destruction and results in abnormally low blood and tissue levels of this coenzyme.1, Acetaldehyde unfavorably influences prostaglandin metabolism. Delta-6-Desaturase is the enzyme that converts the common fatty acid linoleic acid into gamma linolenic acid, which is totally absent from any typical diet. Gamma linolenic acid in turn is the only raw material that can be converted into prostaglandin E1. Prostaglandin E1 is a key regulatory biochemical for both nerve cells and the immune system. It also serves to regulate the production of the pro-inflammatory prostaglandin E2. Prostaglandin E1 prevents excessive production of prostaglandin E2 from the dietary fatty acid, arachidonic acid, which is plentiful in meat, poultry and dairy products. Researchers in prostaglandin biochemistry have discovered, however, that AH is a powerful deactivator of Delta-6-Desaturase. AH thus tends to suppress gamma linolenic acid production, which in turn suppresses prostaglandin E1 production. Low prostaglandin E1 production "takes the brakes off" production of prostaglandin E2 and a related compound, TXB2, increasing their levels far above normal. The published research of David Horrobin, M.D., andpsychiatrist Julian Lieb, has shown high levels of prostaglandin E2 and TXB2, coupled with low levels of prostaglandin E1, to be a major causal factor in some forms of depression. Acetaldehyde promotes addiction to toxic substances. Perhaps one of the most surprising ways AH may alter normal brain function is due to its tendency to combine in the brain with two key neurotransmitters, dopamine and serotonin. When AH and dopamine combine, they form a condensation product called salsolinol. When AH combines with serotonin, another product called beta-carboline is formed. Salsolinol and beta-carboline are two of a group of inter-related and interconvertible compounds called tetrahydro-isoquinolines. The various tetrahydro-isoquinolines which both animal and human research have shown to occur at high levels in the brains, spinal fluids, and urine of chronic alcoholics are closely related in structure, function, and addictive power to opiates! Successfully detoxifying alcoholics have been shown to excrete especially high levels of these opiate-like chemicals in their urine. Thus, these AH-generated, opiate-like biochemicals may at least partly explain why alcoholics are so addicted to alcohol, cigarette smokers to cigarettes, and Candida-sufferers to sugar, since all three of these conditions promote chronic excessive body AH levels. And, like opiates, these tetrahydroisoquinoline biochemicals would tend to promote lethargy, mental cloudiness and fogginess, depression, apathy, inability to concentrate, etc. These, of course, are symptoms common to both alcoholism and Candidiasis, the two conditions which would tend to generate the highest chronic AH levels in the body.
The difficulties discussed above that are caused by chronic AH toxicity should indicate to the reader that AH has a significant ability to compromise brain function. A partial summary of AH's damaging effects on brain function includes the following: · Impaired memory · Decreased ability to concentrate ("brain fog") · Depression · Slowed reflexes · Lethargy and apathy · Heightened irritability · Decreased mental energy · Increased anxiety and panic reactions · Decreased sensory acuity · Increased tendency to alcohol, sugar, and cigarette addiction · Decreased sex drive · Increased PMS and breast swelling/tenderness in women. How Nutrition Can Help John Cleary, M.D. has published papers
summarizing many doctors' and researchers' successful use of niacin (Vitamin
B3) and zinc in alcohol and AH detoxification.1 Since the enzymes that break
down alcohol and AH are both B3 and zinc-activated. Hypoglycemia If you are hypoglycemic
or even borderline hypoglycemic it is very possible that it is difficult for
you to “have just one”. This is
because the alcohol and sugar combined go right into your blood stream,
causing a spike in insulin which drives your blood sugar down and that
translates to that little voice that says “I need another drink”. Combine that with the ravages of
acetaldehyde toxicity and you’re handcuffed to a need to self-medicate – more
and more and more. Then add that to
the compulsiveness that low-serotonin levels creates and you are battling the
desire to self-medicate with some very mindless soldiers. Hypoglycemic or sugar
sensitive conditions can be inherited and they can be produced by long-term
fast food, junk food diets – excessive sugar intake over time and yes,
drinking alcohol. This is the reason why AA
is known for it’s coffee urns, donuts and cigarettes. All of these help to raise blood sugar
levels (which, for a short time, raise serotonin); and cigarettes are known
to produce acetaldehyde as well! When you consider that
the body naturally produces about an ounce of alcohol a day from unused
carbohydrates one can’t help but think that in addition to the blood sugar
rise sought, problem drinkers who try and quit without biochemically curing
the addiction are possibly getting a little THIQ out of those junk food,
coffee and cigarette diets as well! Obviously diet is a huge
concern for breaking the addiction to alcohol and for those who wish to
moderate after they have healed the damage to their bodies. It is also a concern if one desires to
enjoy their sobriety (or moderation) and hope for a long life. Studies show that the mortality rates even
for long term ex drinkers is extremely high.
This, I’m sure is due to the usual lack of addressing the damage and
the other habits and bad diets pursued after they quit. Markers for
susceptibility for problem drinking are: §
You have the Concord of the alcohol
dehydrogenase enzyme (a topic we will focus much on since altering the
activity of this enzyme in a manner that would slow it’s ability to produce
acetaldehyde from the metabolizing of alcohol down actually makes us respond
to alcohol differently). §
Your body is slow to detoxify (break
down) acetaldehyde into acetate. If
the studies regarding THIQ are true this is a very important topic to address
regarding removing the desire to drink excessively and staying away from the
propensity to become addicted (again). There are at least four other common sources of pollutants,
which produce acetaldehyde in our bodies including smoking. It is very important to keep up the
nutritional supplements that aggressively “clean up” acetaldehyde from the
body. §
You are hypoglycemic or sugar
sensitive and you self-medicate your low blood sugar symptoms with a
drink(s). If you are sugar sensitive
it is also likely that you will overreact to the THIQ floating around in your
brain masked as beta-endorphin and absorb far more of both beta-endorphin and
THIQ than the average bear. In the next issue we will be breaking
these topics down and discuss how diet and specific supplements can help to
modify these conditions. Therapeutic Supplements This month’s nutrient
is vitamin B1 - Thiamine Thiamine helps a great many bodily functions, acting as the coenzyme thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP). It has a key metabolic role in the cellular production of energy, mainly in glucose metabolism. Thiamine is also needed to metabolize ethanol, converting it to carbon dioxide and water. B1 helps in the initial steps of fatty acid and sterol production. In this way, thiamine also helps convert carbohydrate to fat for storage of potential energy. Thiamine is important to the health of the nerves and nervous system, possibly because of its role in the synthesis of acetylcholine (via the production of acetyl CoA), an important neurotransmitter. With a lack of vitamin B1, the nerves are more sensitive to inflammation. Thiamine is linked to individual learning capacity and to growth in children. It is also important to the muscle tone of the stomach, intestines, and heart because of the function of acetylcholine at nerve synaptic junction. It is conceivable that adequate thiamine levels may help prevent the accumulation of fatty deposits in the arteries and thereby reduce the progression of atherosclerosis. Thiamine is a water-soluble vitamin which is used to protect against excess water. This was the first identified B vitamin thus its name. It plays the role of a coenzyme in the Krebb’s cycle (a biological pathway converting blood sugar (glucose) into energy) and the central nervous system needs vitamin B1 for functioning. § Protects against acetaldehyde free radical damage. Very important! § Free radical antioxidant – helps clean up acetaldehyde § Was actually one of 3 components to Libby’s patented alcohol withdrawal formula § Helps relieve and heal alcoholic psychosis § Helps in blood sugar management § Heavy drinkers and those with liver disease have extreme deficiencies. Thiamine is a vitamin essential to two
entirely separate processes in humans: it is required for the
oxygen-dependent part of the metabolism of carbohydrates (and alcohol) to
produce energy and thiamine is also required for the membrane polarization
/depolarization step in nerve transmission, (interestingly, the actual
thiamine-dependent step is the same one blocked by the puffer fish nerve
poison, tetrodotoxin.) The effect of these two
separate processes that both require thiamine means that alcohol consumption
under conditions where the vitamin is limited, diverts available thiamine
away from the brain to break down the alcohol. After this is exhausted,
alcohol remaining is converted to fat, but in the interim, high levels of
intermediate products of alcohol breakdown (prior to the thiamine-dependent
step) float around in the blood and enter the brain. In order to dilute the
alcohol and its breakdown products, water is drawn out of the tissues
(including the brain) into the blood, dehydrating these tissues. Clinical data indicates
that 3mg thiamine per stubby of beer (375ml) is more than sufficient to
prevent Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome and around 90% of alcoholic brain damage,
however hitherto unpublished findings of this researcher indicate that
optimum hangover-eliminating doses are considerably larger. This evidence would
suggest that a third thiamine-dependent process may be a factor in hangovers.
The most likely candidate appears to be a multienzyme complex called
alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, which not only catalyses a critical
thiamine-dependent step in the energy producing breakdown of alcohol, but is
also at a point at which amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism interact. The
substrate of this enzyme complex, alpha-ketoglutarate, can be converted to
glutamate which in turn can be converted to gamma-aminobutyric acid, (GABA)
an inhibitory neurotransmitter and the active metabolite of gamma-hydroxybutyrate,
(GHB) with the street drug name "Fantasy". It is because of this
metabolic link that, while essential for normal brain function, glutamate is
toxic in excess, (as anyone who has become ill after eating Chinese food with
mono-sodium glutamate (MSG) can attest!)
Inhibition of alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
under conditions of limited thiamine is likely to lead to a build-up of
alpha-ketoglutarate formed from alcohol, which would be expected to drive the
production of the alternative uninhibited glutamate pathway and hence to
increase GABA production. Absorption/Storage: Thiamine is absorbed in the upper and lower
sections of the small intestine. Upon absorption, the vitamin is carried by
the circulatory system to the liver, kidneys, and heart. Vitamin B1 may then
combine with manganese resulting in an active enzyme that breaks down complex
carbohydrates into simple sugars. Since this is a water-soluble vitamin it is
not stored in the body; therefore, the excess is excreted in the urine.
Thiamine must be replenished every 5-6 hours since it is excreted. Alcohol
easily destroys this vitamin. Depletion of thiamine will result if sugar
(alcohol) is consumed in excess and smoking has the same effect. Healthy Sources: Brazil nuts, brewer's yeast, buckwheat, millet, navy beans, oatmeal, peanuts with or without skins, pecans, pine nuts, pinto beans, pistachio nuts, rice polishings, red beans, soybean flour, dry soybeans, split peas, sunflower seeds, torula yeast, wheat bran and wheat germ. Sugar Blues The
addiction to alcohol is closely related to the addiction of sugar. Sugar Blues is an excellent book to help
your conviction to stay away from it and reclaim your sanity and energy. Do yourself a favor and educate yourself
about this common mood altering, health robbing extremely addictive
menace. Go to our website to find the
links to the WHO’s (World Health Organization) recent report on sugar and our
health. NAT Here is a useful free software program to analyze the nutritional content of your diet. Glycemic Index of foods If you are new to blood sugar management and are on the program, this is a very useful tool for checking the glycemic index of what you are eating – or would like to add to your diet. During the healing process in The 101 Program which is 9 to 24 months depending on the extent of damage done to your body and mind, you need to strictly stay in the low area. Questions & Answers This is a new section that we are dedicating to the readers of the newsletter and those on The 101 Program. We will be happy to answer all questions and will of course list your question anonymously. |
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Therapeutic nutrition and time provides that opportunity - Alternative Approaches to end Alcohol Abuse P.O.Box 11416 Burbank, CA 91505 newsletter@cheersbook.com We’re on the Web! |
Link of the month Since the premise of The 101 Program is the scientific medical facts behind aggressive nutritional supplementation to not only heal the damage that alcohol does to the body and mind to cure the addiction but to develop a biochemistry that responds to alcohol differently (more like that of natural moderate drinkers) so that we do not suffer from low blood sugar symptoms when we drink and also to slow the production of AH during the breaking down of alcohol and to minimize the amount of AH available to combine with dopamine or serotonin to create those highly addictive THIQs, the link of the month section will be dedicated to research and news in those areas. There are many pathways of biochemistry that intertwine and affect all of us differently regarding addictive biochemistry – how we get there and how we get out of there - for this reason it is good to study the influence of nutrition and aggressive therapeutic supplementation to find what “speaks to you” most clearly so that you may further secure your health and a healthy relationship with life – including alcohol – wet or dry. This month’s link will draw a direct connection between nutrition and therapeutic supplementation with addictive biochemistry and will lay the groundwork for you so that you may begin warming up to the idea that addictive biochemistry is all about metabolism and how that metabolism can be healed and changed – essentially rebalancing the body and returning to your original self…. This month’s link is Cheers, Genita
Petralli Author Alcoholism:
The Cause & The Cure It matters where you buy your supplements from! Do
not waste your money and compromise your quest for health by purchasing
mediocre products that do not fulfill the benefits you purchase them for! The Life Extension
Foundation has a 23 year history of introducing life saving medical
discoveries and funding scientific research. Please read carefully All content within this newsletter is provided for general
information only, and should not be treated as a substitute for the medical
advice of your own doctor or health care professional. AAAA nor is not
responsible or liable for any diagnosis made by a user based on the content
of the Alcoholism: The Cause & The Cure website or book. AAAA is not liable for the contents of any external
internet sites listed, nor does it endorse any commercial product or service
mentioned or advised on any of the sites. Always consult your own Health Care
Provider if you're in any way concerned about your health. Note: If you are a heavy drinker who suffers from seizures or any other kind of intense symptoms that could jeopardize your life or discomfort you to extreme please check with a doctor and be cleared to do this on your own. As I said earlier, if you need to be hospitalized for the withdrawal make sure you find an institution that will provide you the freedom to use your nutritional support. Please refer to our website: http://cheersbook.com for the naturopathic references of doctors and institutions that support holistic means of withdrawal and support. Legal Notices This e-mail is for
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